Leadership is Action and Not Position

Leadership is Action and Not Position Summary of the pertinent facts of the case From the case study provided, it is evident that an individual can be given executive duties depending on his/her actions but not managerial position. For instance, Charles Turner was doubtful about the position he was given since he was not sure whether he could perform the tasks that characterized his new job.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Leadership is Action and Not Position specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More He was given a huge responsibility of improving the sales of the organization; nonetheless, he had not established the certainty of the market. Normally, it is arguable that leadership is not a subject of an individual’s position but rather his actions in the duties he/she has been given. In addition, it is all about how an individual treats other people, works hard towards achieving his goals, as well as doing the right things. This is a crucial provisi on in the context of leadership and execution of critical organizational duties. Leadership also concerns how an individual is able to take institutional responsibilities. Charles needed to work with some other senior people like Ferris, who had worked in his position before, to ensure that he could perform his duties as stipulated by the rules and regulations of their organization. Additionally, he was able to give Charles some new ideas through making some excellent reports which enlightened him (Charles). After the orientation, he was able to fill the vacant managerial positions in different regions with ease. Consequently, this showed that he was a good leader by actions and not position. This is because he was ready to learn from others and respected the fact that not every individual is perfect. Regardless of his position, Charles could consult Ferris whenever he had any problem. On the other hand, Ferris was also able to understand that consultation was the only way out for a n individual to find solutions to his or her problems.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Besides, Ferris was able to realize that egotism and voracity, which could result into distrust within the organization or even failure of the company in this context. That is the reason why he was ready to help Charles whenever he needed some assistance. After the introduction of the new plant, the two principals were able to work together towards improving the sales of the product. Moreover, they were able to employ some working staff who assisted in achieving the targeted goals. Conclusively, the two principals were able to prove to the public that leadership is not the position an individual holds but rather his actions within his position. Philosophically, the term â€Å"pragmatic leadership† draws its basic definition from the kind or nature of the roles that th e specific person undertakes/spearheads. This is relevant in the provided case despite the challenges. Generally, a pragmatic leader may be termed as an individual charged with the obligation of planning, organizing as well motivating and controlling his/her subjects for a common goal. Most pragmatic leaders usually assume superior roles within distinct teams and have the authority to exercise certain definite powers. Within corporate settings, the leaders have the obligation to enhance the apprehension of the basic leadership process. In undertaking such roles, corporate leaders formulate plans and decisions. Apart from these, these leaders bear the obligation of supervising, controlling and organizing various factors within the corporate organization. Some of these factors may include human resource or other personnel, finances, as well as the critical information resources. An assessment of the situation It is arguable that a true leader is not determined by the position he or sh e holds in an organization but what he/she can do in the given position. Despite all the challenges being faced in the current situation, leaders are not supposed to lose hope in what they want to accomplish.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Leadership is Action and Not Position specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Consequently, this will clearly prove that their leadership is not based on their position but rather what they are able to do as discussed earlier. As revealed in the case provided, leaders should be aware that they are always surrounded by individuals who have more experience than them. Therefore, he has to respect the people who are working and him. According to the situation in this context, it is evident that leadership without action is not recognized. For instance, Ferris was able to take responsibility as a manager through the reorganization (Gill 202). Additionally, he was able to provide some as sistance to his colleague Charles Turner whenever he needed. Through his actions as a manager, the organization was able to increase its sales. Besides, their organization was able to actively compete in the market with some other companies which produced similar products. For the organization to achieve its short-term and long-term goals, it must enhance its leadership roles and motivate its workers. This is a critical recommendation to solve the current problems identified earlier. Through credible leadership, inspiration, and exemplary performances, the workforce will be able to progress the firm via management efficiency. Organisational Behaviour (OB) studies employees in the realms of their thinking, feelings, and operations within the organization. It is recommendable for company to enhance its leadership provisions so as to curb the mentioned problems (Alyssa 65). Motivated employees will ensure that customer needs are met with precision and promptness. Additionally, motivati ng workers will enhance teamwork and problem solving techniques. Consequently, the company should only recruit professionals who are able to structure credible distribution mechanisms. Additionally, employees should be empowered. Consequently, they will achieve self-determination and motivation.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As indicated before, it is important to agree that a true leader is not determined by the position he is holding but what he is able to accomplish within the organization for prosperity. In spite of all the challenges being faced by most of the organizations in the current situation, leaders are not supposed to lose hope in what they want to accomplish as mentioned earlier. This is a critical provision in the context of leadership and execution of critical organizational duties. Assessment of possible alternative strategies and likely consequences One of the possible alternatives was to reduce the prices of the products and improve their quality. Consequently, such products would realize bountiful sales and the organization would actively compete with other companies which produces similar products as discussed earlier. This will also ensure that Charles could sell the products and meet the required deadline. Besides, the profile of the manager in charge would also be improved. The other possible alternative was to acquire much training before fully assuming his responsibilities (Krar and Arthur 203). To fill the managerial positions that were vacant, Turner is supposed to employ workers who are competent enough. Subsequently, they will be able to provide some vital ideas that could bring some vital changes in the organization (Gill, 12). Providing proper training to the worker on how to handle the customers will also improve their relationship. Therefore, the company will be able to retain most of their customers. To reduce the imbalance of power, all the manager sin the department should be consulted before making some vital decisions. Organizations tend to acknowledge the value created by their employees and leaders. Various studies show that this could be depicted by the changing trends in the production and management processes. Various studies indicate that viable changes introduce new values to the organizational employees. The accruing values could be in the form of skills and knowledge acquired through training. Thus, in this context, training appears as an important attribute, which may adjust the employees’ attitudes accordingly. The assertions researchers suggest that training sustains organizational productivity. It empowers the employees in terms of innovation and creativity. On the other hand, when an organization trains the employees and its leaders for various roles, it helps the business to survive in the competitive market environment. Based on this reason, leadership and employees’ training and support can support successful wealth creation in an organization and successful completion of duties. It is clear that without appropriate leadership and workforce training, the employees may dismally perform their duties. This source will offer supportive literature for the action research. It establishes that lack of workforce training may negatively affect the organization performance. The choice of action and strategy Leaders are expected to be accountable by implementing the stipulated goals. Additionally, they should ensure that the organization is able to take the needs of all people into consideration by developing some vital programs and implementing them. During the recruitment process, leaders are supposed to show their actions by employing people of different gender and race. Moreover, they should also consider those people who are disabling. Leaders are also required to share their responsibilities with different people in order to meet their requirements (Fulmer and Jared 159). To show their actions, leaders are supposed to look for feedback from the other members and the customers. This will help them make some changes to the areas that had some weaknesses hence improving their performances and that of the organization. Generally, leadership skills are hardly hereditary abilities. An individual who eventually becomes a great leader undergoes many learning processes. They stud y other leaders, try to imitate their conducts and select their role models. Most American leaders have chosen Abraham Lincoln as their role model due to his intelligence and leadership prowess (Pace 200). Of course, great leaders can falter; however, they can improve their skills by the feedback they get from different people. This helps them develop into great leaders since they are able to transform their behaviors to the better (Gill, 12). Accordingly, the concerned leadership is aimed at ensuring that the project is carried out successfully. Besides, it is going to frame and include all the viable steps that will be used in the plan. As a leader, Charles Turner was also going to provide more information and adequate procedures that will be helpful in the completion of the project. This will set a good example to team that is responsible for carrying out the project. According to Vijay (2011), some Friga rules of engagement are going to be employed to ensure that the project is successful. The key questions that are going to be useful in driving the project will be identified. An analysis of generalizations In this particular case, it is evident that leaders are supposed to consult with some other leaders before making vital decisions. Additionally, they are supposed to practice what is required by the rules of the organization. They are also supposed to be responsible for all the activities that are taking within the organization (Ricketts 216). Leaders are also supposed to be ready to accept the ideas provided by other workers to make sure that they improve in their performances. At the time of recruitment, the leaders are supposed to practice maximum fairness in terms of gender and race. Conclusively, it is vital to agree that leadership is based on what leaders are able to do and not various positions they are able to occupy in their organizations. Concurrently, in the context of organizational leadership, it is also important to establish some plans t hat are frequently updated to match the organizational needs. The business plan should also contain some of the information on what the project is all about and how it is going to be carried out. Additionally, as a leader, the knowledge and skills of the people setting up the project must also be taken into consideration (Alyssa 54). They must have some information regarding the business and its environment. As provided in the case study, this will assist them in making the right decisions that will make the project be successful. The company’s knowledge is also used to evaluate some of the factors considered important for the intended project. Algorithm should be applied to avoid political infringement in the process of setting up the priorities. This is a critical provision in the context of leadership and execution of critical organizational duties. Fulmer, Robert and Jared Bleak. The Leadership Advantage: How the Best Companies Are Developing Their Talent to Pave the Way for Future Success. New York: AMACOM/American Management Association, 2008. Print. Gill, Roger. Theory and Practice of Leadership. London: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2010. Print. Alyssa, Gregory. Great leaders are born or made. 2009. Web. https://www.sitepoint.com/are-great-leaders-born-or-made/ Krar, Stephen and Arthur Gill. Exploring Advanced Manufacturing Technologies. New York, NY: Industrial Press, 2003. Print. Pace, John. Professional development series: Books 1-4. Boston: McGraw Hill, 2006. Print. Ricketts, Cliff. Leadership: Personal Development and Career Success. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar, 2011. Print.

Definition and Examples of Base Forms of Words

Definition and Examples of Base Forms of Words In English grammar, a base is the form of a word to which prefixes and suffixes  can be added to create new words. For example, instruct is the base for forming instruction, instructor, and reinstruct. Also called a root or stem. Put another way, base forms are words that are not derived from or made up of other words. According to  Ingo Plag, The term root is used when we want to explicitly  refer to the indivisible central part of a complex word. In all other cases, where the status of a form as indivisible or not is not an issue, we can just speak of bases (or, if the base is a word, base words) (Word-Formation in English, 2003). Examples and Observations In most situations, the user of English has no problem at all recognizing prefixes, bases, and suffixes. For instance, in the sentence, They repainted the old car, the complex word repainted obviously has three elementsa prefix, a base, and a suffix: re paint ed. The base paint is the words semantic core, the starting place for describing what the word is being used to mean in a given utterance. The prefix and suffix add semantic content to that core, the prefix re adding the content again, and the suffix ed adding in the past. (D. W. Cummings, American English Spelling. JHU Press, 1988) Base Forms and Word Roots [The term base] refers to any part of a word seen as a unit to which an operation can be applied, as when one adds an affix to a root or stem. For example, in unhappy the base form is happy; if -ness is then added to unhappy, the whole of this item would be considered the base to which the new affix is attached. Some analysts, however, restrict the term base to be equivalent to root, the part of a word remaining when all affixes have been removed. In such an approach, happy would be the base form (the highest common factor) of all its derivations- happiness, unhappy, unhappiness, etc. This meaning leads to a special use in prosodic morphology to define the portion of the output in correspondence with another portion of the form, especially the reduplicant. (David Crystal,  Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics, 6th ed. Blackwell, 2008) Citation Forms For adjectives, e.g. bad, the base form is the so-called absolute form (as against the comparative form worse, or the superlative form worst). For other word classes, e.g. adverb or preposition, where there are no grammatical variants, there is only one form that can be the headword. These base forms of words, the headwords of dictionary entries, may be termed the citation forms of lexemes. When we want to talk about the lexeme sing, then the form that we cite (i.e. quote) is the base formas I have just doneand that is taken to include all the grammatical variants (sings, singing, sang, sung). (Howard Jackson, Words and Their Meaning. Routledge, 2013) Bases in Complex Words Another classic problem of morphology [is] the case of a complex word with a recognizable suffix or prefix, attached to a base that is not an existing word of the language. For example, among the -able words are words such as malleable and feasible. In both cases the suffix -able (spelled -ible in the second case because of a different historical origin for the suffix) has the regular meaning be able, and in both cases the -ity form is possible (mealleability and feasibility). We have no reason to suspect that able/ible here is not the real suffix -able. Yet if it is, then malleable must be broken down as malle able and feasible as feas ible; but there are no existing words (free morphemes) in English such as malle or feas, or even malley or fease. We thus have to allow for the existence of a complex word whose base exists only in that complex word . . .. (A. Akmajian, R. A. Demers, A. K. Farmer, R. M. Harnish, Linguistics: An Introduction to Language and Communication. MIT, 2001)

Drug and Alcohol abuse among teens Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Drug and Alcohol abuse among teens - Essay Example As at the year 2009, 11.98% of teens in Nevada abused tobacco products as compared to average U.S.’s 11.52%. It had no significant statistical difference in the county-level rates of tobacco addiction and abuse. While the average U.S. alcohol abuse among teens was at 14.66% in 2009, the percentage of teens affected in Nevada remained at 15.15%. This was, however, after a decrease from 17.67% and 18.40% in 2003 respectively. The rate of alcohol abuse reduced by 3.01 percent, nationally, and 3.25 percent, in Nevada.In 2009, illicit drug use among teens in Nevada was 12.57% of the total compared to 9.65% for the total U.S. teen population. The use of marijuana among teens in Nevada was also slightly higher than that of national statistics at 16.4% versus 13.28% respectively. Rates of drug-induced deaths are higher than the national averages in the state of Nevada at 20.1% versus 12.7% deaths per 100, 0000 teens. From the statistics, it is evident that Nevada’s statistics a re higher than the national statistics. Virtually all the comparisons in abuse and impacts trends portray Nevada’s statistics as being way above the national tally.Relationship between Cognitive abilities and Rational BehaviorWhile increased cognitive abilities may enhance once ability to reason and differentiate between good and bad, the development may not necessary deter them from being involved in irresponsible behavior. Drug and alcohol abuse is usually associated with a slow progressive addiction.

The security of networking Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

The security of networking - Research Paper Example The article covers the basics of protected networking systems, including firewalls, network topology, and safe protocols. It is essential that firms make a substantial investment in network security in order to safeguard its exclusive information from hackers, as well as other delinquents. I will address contemporary approaches towards the network security, the upsurge in recent criminal activity. The Internet is a principal platform of the contemporary business world. One may find it difficult to stay modern on the latest global events without the efficient use of the Internet, navigate it, and appreciate it. The internet is the globe’s single greatest key source of linked networks, computers, and user links (Canavan 2001). The Internet has developed at a rate that significantly exceeds any preceding trend or development relative to contemporary information technology. There is no entity that can declare ownership of it, however the users can benefit from the capacity to access information, individuals and other resources from the entire globe and have it taken to a device such as a laptop, cell phone, tablet or other numerous devices. Establishments began to study the use of the internet and what followed was the delivery of e-commerce. With e-commerce now severely competing with the practice of the brick and mortar capacity, clients are quite comfortable with the co nvenience of shopping, finance, and otherwise flourishing fully in a virtual world (Cole et al. 2005). Commerce has also transformed to the paperless system of undertaking business and can significantly increase the efficiency. With the evolution of business and returns also came the occasion for unlawful activity. Hackers began to exploit on consumers and traders alike by committing virtual larceny. It started with bank accounts, credit cards, and social security figures but has

Visualize Poetry Essay Example for Free

Visualize Poetry Essay Through the ages of poetry, many poets have been making images with the expressions that they use to become leaders in creating the art of language. Several authors of the poems that we study daily use personification to make animals and objects do things that people do everyday to give the poem a twist. Poets also use imagery to give their readers a good portrait of what they are trying to describe. â€Å"Southbound on the Freeway† by May Swenson and â€Å"Once by the Ocean† by Robert Frost include these two terms. These poems, â€Å"Southbound on the Freeway† and â€Å"Once by the Ocean† are similar to each other in certain poetic descriptions, but they also have some that are unlike. One way these two poems are similar to each other is where the author uses many choices of poetic terms to get his audience’s attention. First, personification is found abundantly throughout each poem. For example, Swenson’s poem uses the personification like â€Å"Their feet are round and roll† (7) and â€Å"They have four eyes. The two in the back are red† (11, 12). As well in the Frost’s poem includes personification such as â€Å"The clouds were low and hairy in the skies† (5) and â€Å"Like locks blown forward in the gleam of eyes† (6). Those descriptions are very interesting and grab the reader’s attention. In addition to personification in these poems, there is imagery in â€Å"Southbound on the Freeway† and â€Å"Once by the Pacific† also. Swenson uses imagery such as â€Å"They have four eyes. The two in the back are red† (11, 12) and â€Å"Sometimes you can see a five-eyed one with a red eye turning on the top of his head† (13). Frost also uses imagery like â€Å"Great waves looked over others coming in† (2). As you see these poems are both similar by both using figurative language. Next, a second similarity in these poems is how they chose to write these with patterns. First, alliteration is a key term they used in writing these poems. In â€Å"Southbound on the Freeway†, Swenson use alliteration such as â€Å"Those soft shapes, shadowy inside the hard bodies† (23). In â€Å"Once by the Pacific†, Frost uses it in â€Å"The shore was lucky being backed by cliff, the cliff in being backed by continent† (8, 9). Secondly, assonance is another pattern similarity between these great poems. In â€Å"Southbound on the Freeway†, Swenson uses assonance in the following line â€Å"Sometimes you can see a five-eyed one, with a red eye turning† (13). In â€Å"Once by the Pacific†, Frost uses assonance in the following â€Å"Great waves over others coming in† (2). As you see in both of these poems, the epic poets used a great amount of sound patterns. While these poems both have many similarities, they also have a couple of differences hidden beneath them. First, the rhyme scheme is unlike each other. In Swenson’s poem, there is not any rhyme scheme included, but in Frost’s poem, the rhyme scheme is very noticeable and catchy. These are the first three rhymes. â€Å"The shattered water made a misty din. Great waves looked over others coming in, and thought of doing something to the shore That water never did to land before. The clouds were low and hairy in the skies, Like locks blown forward in the gleam of eyes† (1-6). The second difference is how the speaker’s tone is different. In â€Å"Southbound on the Freeway†, the author’s tone is slow and somewhat careless. In â€Å"Once by the Pacific†, Swenson’s tone is intense and fierce that keeps that readers attention. This shows how Swenson’s poem keeps the author’s attention longer. In these ways, â€Å"Southbound on the Freeway† and â€Å"Once by the Ocean† are very diverse. In conclusion, these poems, â€Å"Southbound on the Freeway† and â€Å"Once by the Ocean† are similar to each other in certain poetic descriptions, but they still have some terms that are unlike. After studying these two poems, it is far easier to find the poetic terms. In the future, readers of these poems should be ready for finding multiple poetic terms and differences of â€Å"Southbound on the Freeway† and â€Å"Once by the Ocean†.

RU-486 - The Debate Continues :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

RU-486 - The Debate Continues Professor’s comment: I am excited to submit this research paper to 123HelpMe. It will provide an excellent model for other students. This student wisely sidesteps the emotional â€Å"Abortion: Pro or Con?† element, focusing narrowly on RU-486, the so-called abortion pill. She draws our attention primarily to scientific and medical controversy, with forays into history, politics, and economics, drawing attention to facts instead of emotional or personal appeals. Her research and careful approach challenge the assumption that pro-choice must favor legalization and antiabortion must oppose it. She helps us to see RU-486 as a separate issue with specific benefits and drawbacks, making her own nicely balanced contribution to the controversy. Picture yourself as a sixteen-year-old girl. Your friends and family used to describe you as happy, vivacious, and carefree. But as you have been awaiting your period, now two weeks overdue, you have become sullen and agitated with worry. Two more weeks go by and you buy a home pregnancy test. You perform the test only to find out what you already know. It doesn’t really matter how you got pregnant—the condom tore, your boyfriend lied about pulling out, you forgot to take your birth control pills—it just matters that you are and you don’t want to be. To complicate matters, let’s say that you are from a strict Catholic family with very devout parents, and you cannot possibly bring yourself to talk to them about it. After a few weeks of seemingly endless painful deliberation that you thought you would never have to endure, you have your best friend take you to an abortion clinic. Picketers block the front door to the clinic carrying signs that read â €Å"Abortion = Murder.† Before you can even begin to process the words on the signs, your best friend grabs you by the arm and pulls you past the crowd and into the small lobby of the clinic. Expecting an ordinary doctor’s office waiting room, you are unsettled by the unfamiliarity of the stark dà ©cor. The lobby is nothing but an entryway with a front desk encapsulated by bulletproof glass. While checking in you speak to the receptionist through a hole in the glass, as though you are paying for gasoline at a station after midnight. Now more than ever you feel scared and alone. Since the legalization of surgical abortions in 1973, this has become a common scenario for women seeking to terminate a pregnancy.

Examine the importance of Russian weaknesses in WW1 in explaining the start of Revolution in 1917

The weaknesses of Russia during World War One were very important in explaining the start of the Russian Revolution in 1917. Although their were also other factors that contributed to the start of the Revolution in 1917 like the role of Tsar and the problems in Petrograd. Russia had many weaknesses during WW1 both at home at and the front line which could have helped cause the Revolution in 1917. Russia was unable to beat Japan due to many weaknesses at the front line. The soldiers weren't given any proper training and their weapons were mostly out of date and even at one point their was only one gun between three soldiers. Their was also very bad transport in Russia at the time which meant some soldiers couldn't be taken to the front because their was train to take them their and they would just be stuck in the train station. Having bad transport also meant that food was unable to get to the soldiers at the front which caused many to starve. The food for the soldiers and the people back home was delivered to a city Archangel but because their weren't any trains to deliver the food to them, it just stayed in Archangel. Also, their were many casualties during the war but due to the bad transport medical supplies like medicines and nurses were unable to be taken to the front to treat the wounded. The war gave soldiers the opportunity to communicate with each other and share their ideas, it also gave them experience with weapons and training which they were able to use in the revolution. Their were also many problems at home during WW1. Russia had a population of hundred and five million during WW1 and only three and a half million were industrial workers, this is because most of them had gone of to fight in the war but with a lack of industrial workers it meant that the amount of weapons being made would decrease and by three months into the war the amount of weapons being made had fallen by fifty percent. During the war because their was not enough people to run the factories Peasants were used to work in the factories, but with the peasants working in the factories this meant the land being used to make food fell by twenty percent. This made people really angry because of the shortage of food. Also the food prices went up and during 1914 and 1917 food prices had increased five times, this made people angry because their wages weren't being increased and only less then ten percent of workers were receiving minimum wage. With the lack of food and the food prices being increased made many people angry enough to decide to go on strikes. Many strikes occurred and in 1914 their were altogether sixty-eight strikes and in January and February of 1917 one thousand three hundred and thirty strikes occurred. These strikes showed that people wanted change. Many people though loved Tsar at the beginning of the war because it made them feel patriotic towards their country and they were willing to support him because they wanted to win the war. Industrial reform was another factor that could have helped cause the Revolution of 1917. In the 1890's Russia started to industrialise and this stage was known as ‘The Great Spurt'. A man called Sergi Witte wanted to modernise Russia and move everyone to the cities, this was a bad move because 80% of Russia's population at the time were peasants, and in 1881 only 928,000 people were living in St Petersburg. By 1914 the population of St Petersburg had increased to 2,217,000 this caused a lot of problems. It caused social unrest, their were on trade union or legal representation and bad living conditions because the city was so crowded. It also caused food shortages because their weren't as many peasants producing food and their were too many people living in the town it was hard to supply food for them all. Having so many people living in an overcrowded city was a bad move because people were able to talk to each other and plan and organise a revolution. Sergi Witte managed to build a Trans-Siberian railway, but although it was a step in industrialising Russia it was a poor one. The Railway only went form east to west, this was the reason why soldiers were unable to get to the front line and fight and it was also the reason why food supplies weren't being delivered to places in the north and south of Russia and to the soldiers. The role of Tsar also helped in causing the Revolution of 1917. Although Tsar was liked at the beginning of WW1 but by the end of the war he was very disliked by many people. He believed in Romanov tradition and believed that he ruled through divine right, which meant he believed he was chosen by god and refused to embrace any type of change. One of the things he believed and lived by was Russification, he wanted to make Russia more Russian and by doing this he treated Ukrainians badly, prosecuted Jews because he felt that they weren't real Russians and caused huge discrimination. He also called peasants the ‘dark masses'. A man called Pobedonostsev tutored Nicholas II and his father Alexander III which allowed him to have a huge influence over the both of them. Pobedonostsev was the one who told them to give no freedom and because of the huge influence Pobedononstsev had over Nicholas and his father that is what Nicholas and his father did, they gave no freedom. Tsar's personal feelings and personality was also a reason that could have helped cause the Revolution of 1917. He was known to be very stubborn and impatient and disagreed with any change. He had bad judgement in the appointment and dismissal of ministers and he also refused to appoint a government which had the confidence of the public during the war which caused a lot of people to turn against him. Rasputin was also a cause of opposition towards Tsar. Tsar's choice of having Rasputin as an adviser was a bad move; this was because the Wealth Influential Court Ministers hated Rasputin and his powers and started to turn against Tsar because of Rasputin. Also in 1917 Tsar sacked his uncle and became commander of chief of the whole army. This was the worst thing Tsar could have done because it meant that he would get the blame from people when Russia gets defeated in wars, it also meant that he was away from home a lot. With Tsar being away from home a lot it allowed opposition to grow and problems to occur like the strikes by workers and peasants. Agrarian reform was also another factor that could have helped cause the Revolution in 1917. A man called Stolypin who was a big supporter of Tsar wanted to change the way peasants were farming in Russia. He believed in ‘suppression first, and then, and only then reform', he wanted to work out how to feed the growing population of Russia. Peasants were very conservative and the form of farming they did was called strip farming which was were they farm for their needs no one else's, but Stolypin wanted to get the peasants to farm for the big cities like St Petersburg and Moscow. The way in which he went in trying to make these changes was by terrorising them. All though Stolypin tried by 1914 most peasants were still strip farming which meant that people in St Petersburg and Moscow still didn't have enough for food for their growing population which got people in the cities angry. Also because 80% of the population of Russia were peasants, by terrorising them like Stolypin did a lot of them would have turned away from supporting Tsar because Stolypin was such a big supporter of Tsar. The failure to meet needs after 1905 Revolution in the October manifesto was also another factor that could have caused the Revolution on 1917. Russia was very surprised by their defeat from the Russo-Japanese war and that it self would have made people want to revolt. After the 1905 Revolution, which didn't work because their was no actual leader, Tsar had to make the people happy so he signed the October Manifesto which created the Duma, the Russian parliament. The Duma was split into two the Elected Duma and the State Council. The State council was appointed by Tsar which initially gave them more power over the Elected Duma. Although Tsar allowed the Duma which looked like he was given more freedom to the Russian people he was still the one who was able to control the Duma. If he didn't agree with any of the ideas of the Dumas he was able to dissolve it. The first Duma only lasted from 1st May to July 1906, the second one lasted form March to June 1907 and was dissolved because the Duma demanded rights and didn't like Stolypins ideas but Tsar did. The reason Tsar kept the Duma though was because although it looked like he was given people more freedom he wasn't and it was actually ineffective. Also Tsar felt that it looked impressive to other countries. Many Russians set up groups that rebelled against tsar because the Duma wasn't getting the things they wanted, like rights. One group set up was the Vyborg Group and they appeared to the people to defy Tsar by not paying tax, they were soon executed by Stoylpin. The final chaos in Petrograd symbolised Tsar had been deserted by everybody which helped cause the Revolution of 1917 because he had no supporters left. With no supporters Tsar had no hope of staying in power for long because of the amount of opposition growing. From 18th February to 4th March many problems occurred for Tsar like strikes from people at home and from people in the army. Opposition grows stronger, Tsar dissolved what was left of the Duma but twelve of them refused to go and set up a Provisional Committee. Tsar was advised by Kerensky, a leader politician to step down and the Duma president Rodzyanko said to him ‘their is not one honest man left in your entourage. The decent people have either left or been dismissed', this showed that Tsar had no followers left. Tsar decided to return to Petrograd because he felt that if he went back all the problems would calm down. Altogether these key factors all helped cause the 1917 Revolution and World War One acted as the spark that caused it to finally happen. Industrial reform, Agrarian reform, Tsars personality and beliefs and the failure to meet needs after the 1905 revolution in the October manafesto all caused a lot of opposition to grow against Tsar. Other then World War One Tsars personality and beliefs was a main cause of the 1917 revolution, because of his stubbornness and refusal of allowing any freedom for people got people very angry. He also lost a lot of support from important people, like the Wealth influential court ministers because of his choice of having Rasputin as a friend and leaving him as his wife's adviser when he was away. Becoming Commander of Chief was also a big mistake for Tsar to have become. World War One was the incident that sparked of the Revolution because during World war one was when most opposition from Russians grew, because of the food shortages and prices going up. World War one was like the midwife of the revolution, like Lenin said ‘war is the midwife of a revolution'.

Us Military Endeavor in Bosnia 1993-1995

US Military Endeavor in Bosnia 1993-1995| | 08. 12. 2009| | Introduction: With Josip Broz‘s (Tito) death in 1980 the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia has lost its political leader. Tito supported a wide ethnic representation in his country and a division of power. Without his strong leadership Yugoslavia would have broken up years before the Balkan war in 1992. Yugoslavia was politically weak without Tito and the country was hard hit by an economic crisis in the early 1980ies.Calls for comprehensive reforms were growing, especially from the constituent republics Slovenia and Croatia and the central government became incapable of acting. More and more power was given up to the constituent republics. At the beginning of 1990 the Yugoslavian unity party SKJ (Savez Komunista Jugoslavije) has fallen and majority party elections were established in Slovenia, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Political Parties were established that functioned mainly in the interest of their ethnical background.Hence the rivalry between the parties for more power developed into an ethno-political rivalry. On June 25 in 1991 Croatia and Slovenia declared their independence. Directly after, armed conflicts started between groups which defended their territorial and the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA), the last institution of the SFR Yugoslavia. More and more constituent republics were involved and soon a war started that we will remember as the Yugoslav war that later reached Bosnia, where most of the fighting took place.It was a bloody civil war between neighbors in South Eastern Europe in the late 20 century that was ended too late. Many victims would be alive if the international audience would have been more concerned about its importance of involvement. The United States, as one of the countries, acted too late at the expense of human life. The Bosnian war was a failed humanitarian intervention of the UN, a weak NATO presence and a US policy that planned [†¦ ] to pursue a U. S. ommitment to Bosnia-Herzegovina that is short-sighted in vision and transparent in end state The ‘symbolic’ presence of the UNO and the early stage of the war In 1991 The United States just ended the Gulf War and hence the majority of the American population didn’t see the point in involving themselves into another war. It was an ongoing dispute of whose responsibility was to intervene in the Bosnian War. George Bush’s policy indicated to use diplomatic initiatives rather than the usage of American military force.After being involved in World War I and II the United States saw their mission in Europe completed. There was no more a Soviet threat and the European Community (EC) should be ready to deal with its problems by themselves which was also accomplished by the Maastricht treaty in 1992. The countries in the EC should be stable enough to ensure democracy and peace in Europe. However, the actions that have been initialized by the EC failed. The countries couldn’t find a consensus of working together and using a strategy that would end the war.The Yugoslavian conflict parties arranged, with the initiative of the EC, a plan on June 29th in 1991. The plan provided 3 points which was 1) ceasefire between Slovenia and Croatia and the withdrawal of their armies 2) Slovenia and Croatia should pause with their declaration of independence for 3 month 3) Serbia should give up his resistance towards the new elected Croatian President Mesic Beside the 3rd point all the other attempts to end this war failed. Another failure of the EC was to rush into recognizing Slovenia’s and Croatia’s independence.Bosnia was even rushed to motion its independence between the times of December 16th until December 23rd 1991. A week that was given to consider establishing a country which history is very diverse and complicated. In the late summer of 1991 the Moslem politician Izetbegovic asked the UNO to send observers a nd a peacekeeping force because he knew what a war would cause in Bosnia. The attempt failed due to the UN principles to intervene when all intern actions failed to prevent a civil war. After the war broke out the UN decided to send 100 and a few month later in June 1992 1. 000 peacekeepers to Bosnia. The modest aim was to ensure a complete defeat of the Moslem population with a minimum of UN forces. NATO In early May 1992 the UN sanctioned Yugoslavia or the parts that still remained Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) and a few days later the UN Security Council placed an economic embargo on Yugoslavia. NATO warships were sent to the Adriatic Sea to enforce the internationally established embargo. In October 1992 the UN Security Council decided to forbid any military flights of the warring parties.However, there have been various violations against the flying ban. Therefore NATO decided to start their direct combat mission in the air in April 1994. It didn’t stop the Serbs to take UN peacekeepers and other observant as hostage. Thus the NATO’s first air attacks did not have a great effect for stopping the war. The establishment of ‘UN protected zones’ and the case of Srebrenica The UN protected zones were established mainly for the Muslim population that was surrounded by either Croatian or Serb territory.Building protected zones was another attempt to secure civilians even though they were fairly against the UN principles of impartiality and agreement of all warring parties. The history has shown us that the UN peacekeepers were tricked by the Serbs and the ‘protected zone’ was used to facilitate covert genocide that we know today by the name of The Srebrenica Massacre in July 1995. End of the war After violating the protected zones in Srebrenica and Zepa, NATO decided for massive air attacks on military and logistical targets of the Serbs. Until this moment there have been ten NATO air attacks during the war.It was obv ious that this was not enough to end the war. Through another UN Resolution, that was formally not necessary, the UN and NATO decided to intensify their air attacks by almost 2000 attacks in a couple of days. The war ended but it was a very long way for the US to decide the various kinds of intervention. Opinions went from not getting involved at all because the EC should deal with it by themselves to deploying US troops, first for humanitarian or peacekeeping efforts then for United Nations (UN) or NATO military actions, including rescuing UN peacekeepers.According to several polls at the beginning of the war, the Americans would support any of the humanitarian interventions and multilateral agreements. ‘Bosnia reveals that the ‘‘post-Vietnam syndrome’’ was still apparent in the preference of most Americans to stay out of foreign entanglements since the Reagan-era involvements in Central America’. Nevertheless, most Americans were sure that Bo snia won’t be the next Vietnam. Polls also show that interventions should be used if there is a case of genocide.However, it was a long way for the US government to fulfill the peoples will. It was talked too much around and the media used terms such as ‘civil war’ or ‘ethnic war’ to undermine the need of stronger interventions at the beginning of the war. A Presidential term was coming up and the need of actions was put aside regardless of moral principles. In a democratic country that is based on a will of people with representatives elected by the people, a public opinion is a crucial right.If a poll shows that most of the Americans agree with military humanitarian intervention before 1995 why did a hegemonic power, as the US back then, didn’t interfere earlier with more pressure on the International community to act stronger and precisely. A diplomatic intervention in 1992 had a great impact on the course of the war until 1995. The United States has supported the UN resolution of preventing genocide, as it was before declared to be a crime under international law. Sadly neither Bush senior nor Clinton have made efforts to prevent genocide in Bosnia.Samantha Power wrote ‘it is in the realm of domestic politics that the battle to stop genocide is lost. American political leaders interpret society-wide silence as an indicator of public indifference. ’ Not until Srebrenica did the domestic and international politics pushed Clinton into action of interfering with massive military forces which at the end brought the war into an end. ‘Clinton rode into the White House rallying against Bush’s non-interventionist policy and favoring commitments to stop genocide.Facing a re-election year, a time when an administration’s promises are measured against their actual accomplishments, Clinton was particularly sensitive to challenges to his earlier pledges. Dole’s role augmented an explosion of a united media campaign, increasing international pressure for intervention, and the embarrassing fall of a U. S. -backed ‘safe zone,’ aggravating Clinton’s original commitments to put an end to the Bosnian genocide and made the political costs of non-intervention too high for the Clinton Administration to withstand.Because of this conglomeration of pressures, Clinton could follow his own moral convictions and stop the genocide. ’ In conclusion: The US intervention in Bosnia has three significant phases. The first phase included a diplomatic interference at the beginning of the war. It was an European problem. Thus Europeans should deal with it. The second phase was a very modest humanitarian-military intervention (UN and NATO) by the US, in an area where such ‘experiments’ are fatal in the course of the war. The UN ‘peacekeeping master plan’ failed completely for one good reason.No one can heal a huge wound with a simple band ai d. After 3 years of a bloody fight and a never ending war what could the hegemonic power US do? Either withdraw its troops and run away and be an audience of a war that might have murdered a whole ethnic group or reinforce and fight. The third phase, which finally ended the war, it was crucial that the US as well as the EC, NATO and the UN realize the importance of a strong military interference which is based on a common consensus. The European Community failed completely to solve its Balkan problem due to self-interests, premature decisions and a lack of a consensus.However not being involved in the war, as some US elites suggested at the beginning of the war because it is an European issue, would have been against the principles of human rights and would have created a humanitarian disaster similar to the one in WWII. Bibliography Karadjis, Mike Karadjis. Bosnia, Kosova ; the West. Resistance Books, 2000. Kull, Steven . â€Å"Americans on the Crisis in Sudan. † The America n Public on International Issues N. p. , n. d. Web. 28 July 2009. ;http://www. pipa. org/OnlineReports/Africa/Sudan_Jul04/Sudan_Jul04_rpt. df;. Mellenthin , Knut . â€Å"Der jugoslawische Burgerkrieg, die UNO und die NATO. † Jugoslawien N. p. , 14 Dec. 1995. Web. 27 Nov. 2009. ;http://www. knutmellenthin. de/artikel/archiv/jugoslawien/der-jugoslawische-buergerkrieg-die-uno-und-die-nato-14121995. html;. Petrilli , Danielle Petrilli . â€Å"More Than Witnesses at a Funeral? : The U. S. and Humanitarian Intervention . † Duke Journal of Politics Duke University, 2006. Web. 28 Nov. 2009. ;http://www. poli. duke. edu/undergrad/D. %20Petrilli%20writing%20sample. doc. ;. Power, Samantha. A Problem From Hell† America and the Age of Genocide. New York: HarperCollins, 2003. Print. Rachal, Louis N. â€Å"U. S. Strategy in Bosnia: Are We Really Committed?. † Military U. S. Strategy in Bosnia: Are We Really Committed? N. p. , 1997. Web. 28 Nov. 2009. ;http://www. global security. org/military/library/report/1997/Rachal. htm;. Sobel, Richard . â€Å"Trends: United States Intervention in Bosnia. † Public Opinion Quarterly Oxford Journals, 1998. Web. 27 Nov. 2009. ;http://poq. oxfordjournals. org/cgi/reprint/62/2/250. pdf;. ——————————————- [ 1 ]. Rachal, Louis N. â€Å"U. S. Strategy in Bosnia: Are We Really Committed?. † Military U. S. Strategy in Bosnia: Are We Really Committed? N. p. , 1997. Web. 28 Nov. 2009. . [ 2 ]. Sobel, Richard . â€Å"Trends: United States Intervention in Bosnia. † Public Opinion Quarterly Oxford Journals, 1998. Web. 27 Nov. 2009. . [ 3 ]. 80% of the respondents of the PIPA survey said that if the UN determines that genocide is occurring, the UN, including the US, should act to stop the genocide by military force if necessary http://www. ipa. org/OnlineReports/Africa/Sudan_Jul04/Sudan_Jul04_rpt. pdf [ 4 ]. à ¢â‚¬Å"Crimes within the Court's Jurisdiction. † Development and Human Rights Section United Nations, n. d. Web. 28 Nov. 2009. . [ 5 ]. Power, Samantha. †A Problem From Hell† America and the Age of Genocide. New York: HarperCollins, 2003. Print. [ 6 ]. Petrilli , Danielle Petrilli . â€Å"More Than Witnesses at a Funeral? : The U. S. and Humanitarian Intervention . † Duke Journal of Politics Duke University, 2006. Web. 28 Nov. 2009. .

Definition Essay Topics and Ideas Meet the Diversity of Inspiring Opinions

Definition Essay Topics and Ideas Meet the Diversity of Inspiring Opinions Writing a definition essay sample seems to sound like an easy task. However, the piece of work that requires the determination of the word is not a straightforward activity. It implies not only finding the interpretation of the word in the vocabulary, but also checking its function, structure, or etymology and supporting it with evidence. Moreover, such work includes the incorporation of the experience or story of the writer to support its meaning. In this regard, the right definition essay topic or idea for writing the paper is crucial. The best choices refer to the themes of abstract or complicated nature, which may have two or more connotations. They provide substantial ground for the development of ideas and writing skills improvement. Here are some ideas that require significant considerations and result in the form of a profound piece: 1. Heroes? Who Are They? For a mass audience, the era of entertainment provides many heroic characters. However, the concept of heroism is not brand new and can be traced back to ancient times. By that, a hero is a person with exceptional features. For this research, a student may apply to the Greek myths as a source of heroism and provide one’s understanding of this phenomenon. 2. Metaphysics: What Is It? The philosophical categories are usually difficult to comprehend due to their abstract nature. The term ‘metaphysics’ is central to philosophy with its relation to matter and mind. It is a problematic category, which requires research of etymology and Greek relation, as well as the analysis of the work Metaphysics by Aristotle. 3. What Does Respect Imply? Everyone is taught to respect the laws and rights of others. However, where is the limit of respect? What place does the self-respect take? The relationship between self-esteem and respect for others may be a central topic for such a discussion. Besides, a student may address to the Golden Rule of ethics and interpret the term from its perspective. The book Ethics and the Golden Rule by Harry Gensler can give solid insights into the particular ethical practice. 4. What Is the Definition of Beauty? There is a famous phrase saying, â€Å"Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.† It implies that the particular category is based on the inner experience. Following, such paper may include a personal understanding of beauty and make it the central part of the essay. However, research on the term is required, and the article â€Å"Beauty through History† by Sharon Romm can be prompt. 5. What Is the Definition of Empathy? Nowadays empathy is an important part of the successful manager. However, not many people understand its nature and how to achieve it. The best way to comprehend empathy is to refer to the philosophical origin and analyze its structure as well as current interpretation. The Merriam-Webster website can be helpful for determination of differences between compassion, empathy, and sympathy. 6. What Is the Difference between Drama in Life and Art? A drama has become a significant genre of art. Besides, almost everyone experiences it in real life. The profound analysis of history is likely to show why the drama is sometimes more heartbreaking than reals† by Robert Longley is there to help. 7. Who Can Be Characterized as Emotionally Unavailable? From first glance, the term â€Å"emotional unavailability† is unclear. Nevertheless, we meet people who block our feelings constantly. Analyzing such an experience can be a way to explain the term. Besides, the articles â€Å"Is Being ‘Emotionally Unavailable’ Holding You Back?† by Rachel Nussbaum and â€Å"10 Signs Your Partner is Emotionally Unavailable† by Lauren Shumacker bring the light on the concept and contribute to the explanation. 8. What Is Charisma? Charisma is crucial in the world of media technologies, but one can hardly measure it qualitatively or quantitatively. Most commonly, charisma is the way to speak and act based on wisdom, experience, and natural abilities. However, it is always about inspiration. In this regard, the exploration of the term has many nuances. A student can refer to the book The History of Charisma by Potts. 9. Sports: Is It about Playing? The current definition of sports cannot be considered without relation to business or physical activity. Nonetheless, history tells that there is entirely different determination of the word. The Online Etymology Dictionary shares a significant ground for revaluation of the term and underlines the role of cultures on the development of the current habits. These points may become a basis for writing a definition essay. 10. How to Define Artistic Taste? Artistic taste is a subtle topic to consider. Despite the high level of subjectivity, the artistic taste, which puts the aesthetics in the center, appears to be a compelling phenomenon to define. Considering the social and cultural constituent of the concept, the book Introduction to Art Appreciation and Aesthetics by Alfredo Panizo and Erlinda Rustia can help significantly to thoroughly explore the artistic taste. 11. Anti-Globalism: Where It Comes from? The contemporary media has primarily discussed the term of globalization and devoted comparatively less time to anti-globalism. The latter is the crucial term which developed as a reaction to the blurring of the barriers between the nations. By that, there are different theories, which constitute the concept and contribute to the overall understanding of the modern world. The article â€Å"A Brief History of the Anti-Globalization Movement† by Adam Warner is the suitable source for exploration of the term. 12. Who Can Be Called a Champion? The first thought coming to the reader’s mind is probably an athlete or militant winning a battle. However, being a champion is not always about sports; it is also about democracy and politics. The same word can be used differently, which makes it a subject for research. The Online Etymology Dictionary is a source exploring the word and its transformation. 13. The Definition of ‘Founding Fathers’ The particular term is paramount for the United States and its development. The meaning of the word achieved its weight in the past. Now, it continues affecting the minds of people. Thus, it is exciting to provide research of the event defining the power of the word and enhance it with the personal experience. Finally, the book The Founding Fathers Reconsidered by Bernstein is a great source to start. 14. Corner Office: Why Senior Leaders Work There? The rise of business brought the changes to management providing new rules and practices. ‘Corner Office’ also relates to the business world. Surprisingly, the term has substantial reasons for emergence, and the essay should identify and discuss them. â€Å"There Goes the Corner Office, Here Comes the New Status† by Drew Himmelstein presents the story behind the term and its particular significance. 15. Dualism in The Real World ‘Dualism’ is widely used in the philosophy to underline the dual character of the object or concept. The philosophical approach discusses the term regarding matter and sense, good and evil, life and death. The latter two are more practical and touches everyone in their daily lives. It implies the necessity of defining and explaining dualism. The paper can include both the experience and academic research on dualism based on the materials by Matt Stefon and Ugo Bianchi from Britannica. 16. What is Success Now? Society has always influenced the definition of success. Throughout centuries, it referred to the concepts of fame, wealth, and commitment. Some were successful without achieving the goal, while the others accomplished their purposes but failed to succeed. It poses a question regarding success and its social value. Students should check Re-Defining Success: Finding New Hope by Morrison. It provides the reevaluation of the concept and can trigger the incorporation of the personal vision of the idea into the paper. 17. The Definition and History of a Cult People have expressed their devotion to different figures and objects since ancient times. The current practice is usually related to the cults of personalities or religious organizations. However, it also refers to the fashion. By that, the definition of the word may be an exciting topic for the discussion. The book Unmasking the Cults by Gomes demonstrates the history behind the term, which may be a starting point for the essay. 18. Reflection on Healthy Food Recently, the concept of healthy food has become popular and underlined the aspire of people to care about their health. However, not everyone recognizes the actual meaning of the word as well as its vitality. Considering various opinions about healthy eating, there is a space for personal reflection and discussion. To begin the definition, one should consider â€Å"Healthy Food Does Not Exist† by Michael Ruhlman. The article defines the scientific side of the concept. 19. The Definition of Happiness The subjective nature of happiness has become the philosophical ground for its definition. For someone, it refers to love, while for others, it is about success. In parallel, it is an emotional state, and a student cannot view it without the scientific and sensitive parts. For the research on the first component, the Oxford Handbook of Happiness by Boniwell, David, and Conley Ayers can be helpful. To reinforce the paper, the student should refer to personal opinions and emotional state. 20. Where Is the Line between Bad Mood and Depression? Depression is the disease of modern days. The research on the depressive condition is a ground for the term’s definition. At the same time, the real stories or documented clinical cases may help in explaining the meaning. The website of the American Psychiatric Association provides the essential characteristics of depression. Conclusion A sounding definition essay consists of an exciting definition essay topic, careful research, and personal interpretation. The ideas with subjective and indefinite concepts bring more interest to the essay due to the diversity of opinions. The research is valuable for showing term transformations, history, and contemporary meaning. In the end, the reflection about personal experience or intimate recognition of the issue adds colors to the essay and provokes further reflection.

9 Forms of the Past Tense

9 Forms of the Past Tense 9 Forms of the Past Tense 9 Forms of the Past Tense By Mark Nichol Multiple variations of past tense that employ regular verbs occur in English. Explanations of the distinctions follow. Note that each section includes examples of positive-declarative, negative-declarative, and interrogative forms. 1. Simple Past A sentence in the simple-past form describes an event that occurred in the past: â€Å"They agreed with us.† â€Å"They did not agree with us.† â€Å"Did they agree with us?† Notice that in the first sentence, the verb form of agree is in past tense, but in the other examples, did does the heavy lifting of indicating the tense, so agree remains in present tense. In almost all other variations of past tense, the form of the verb â€Å"to be† and the participle retain the same form regardless of the type of sentence. 2. Past Progressive (or Past Continuous) Past-progressive statements and questions describe something that began in the past and continued to occur for a time before stopping: â€Å"They were agreeing with us.† â€Å"They were not agreeing with us.† â€Å"Were they agreeing with us?† 3. Past Perfect This tense form applies to events that began at a time preceding a period in the past: â€Å"They had agreed with us.† â€Å"They had not agreed with us.† â€Å"Had they agreed with us?† 4. Past Perfect Progressive (or Past Perfect Continuous) Sentences with this tense form describe something that occurred in the past and continued to occur after the fact but in the present is no longer occurring: â€Å"They had been agreeing with us.† â€Å"They had not been agreeing with us.† â€Å"Had they been agreeing with us?† 5. Past Habitual A sentence written in past-habitual tense describes an occurrence that once occurred continuously or repeatedly: â€Å"They used to agree with us.† â€Å"They used to not agree with us.† (This formal usage is awkward and seldom used; we are more likely to write, â€Å"They used to disagree with us.† An informal version of the sentence, more likely to be used if no direct antonym like disagree is available for a given sentence, is â€Å"They didn’t use to agree with us.†) â€Å"Used they to agree with us?† (This formal usage is rare. The informal form, much more common, is, â€Å"Did they use to agree with us?†) 6. Time-Specific Past Habitual A variation of the past-habitual tense includes a specific time frame: â€Å"Before, they would agree with us.† â€Å"Before, they would not agree with us.† â€Å"Before, would they agree with us?† 7. Past Intensive A sentence in the past-intensive form describes something confirmed as having occurred: â€Å"They did agree with us.† â€Å"They did not agree with us.† â€Å"Did they agree with us?† 8. Future in the Past A future-in-the-past construction describes something that was supposed to have occurred after a time in the past: â€Å"They were going to agree with us.† â€Å"They were not going to agree with us.† â€Å"Were they going to agree with us?† Past Subjunctive This form is not numbered, because it is not, despite its name, a type of past tense, but it is identified here to make that point. A sentence formed in the past subjunctive describes a counterfactual event: â€Å"If they were going to agree with us, they would have told us by now.† â€Å"If they were not going to agree with us, they would have told us by now.† â€Å"If they were they going to agree with us, would they have told us by now?† 9. Past-Perfect Subjunctive Sentences with this subjunctive form, by contrast, do have a past-tense sense: â€Å"Had they agreed with us, they would have told us by now.† â€Å"Had they not agreed with us, they would have told us by now.† â€Å"Had they agreed with us, would they have told us by now?† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:What Is Irony? (With Examples)Email EtiquetteQuiet or Quite?

Sociology - Article Critique Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sociology - Article Critique - Assignment Example There are many questions involved in this article that target the laws and regulations, causes of child labor, working conditions and environment, education and training, consequences of child labor, and so on. However, the author didn’t ask any questions directly, instead Menelievich gathered all the information and statistics in the article and then discussed them and finally summed everything up with own solutions and ideas. This is what makes this article a succinct but well bodied research. The writer talks about the causes of child labor by covering up the most important factors in a very succinct manner. Following are the causes of child labor in a brief manner to make the topic clear: I. Poverty & Ignorance of parents Poverty is of course the foremost reason of child labor. When a family is poor and the guardian is unable to feed their kids, they find no other way but to put their children on work despite of the fact that the children’s age is for studying and n ot working. ... not expect to be totally supported by its family and this is what makes the child see no abnormality in missing school and to start working (Menelievich,1979, p. 560). III. Lack of schools and adequate educational infrastructure When there will be less schools and inadequate educational infrastructure, there are fewer chances that the children will be educated. So it’s essentially important that there are enough schools in each country, city and town so the children can get education. When the children will be involved in educational activities, their parents will not consider taking them out from the schools and putting them in on work. IV. Parent’s unawareness about the harms of child labor As mentioned at by Menelievich, â€Å"The age at which children start working varies but in a good many countries there are still children who are working at as early an age as 6. For example, a study carried out in India revealed that 24.6 percent of the children surveyed had sta rted work between the ages of 6 and 9, 48.4 percent between 10 and 12, and 26.9 percent between 13 and 15 (Menelievich, 1979, p. 562).† Furthermore; â€Å"In Bombay it was found that children employed in hotels and restaurants were working an average of over 11? hours a day, while in Santiago de Chile they were putting in between 10-13 hours a day (Menelievich, 1979, p. 562).† Now anyone can realize how an early age labor life can crush a child’s innocence and personality. 6-12 is the age of children when they are growing up and their emotions, personality talents are being built so when they are put on labor; they lose their childhood. Furthermore, prolonged exposure to heat, sun, dust, insects, chemicals, wind etc effects the physical health of the child immensely which can cause skin diseases,